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Which nutritional assessment data best reflects total muscle mass in adolescents?

Body mass index

Waist circumference

Upper arm circumference

Upper arm circumference is a key indicator for assessing total muscle mass in adolescents. This measurement specifically reflects the muscle mass of the upper body, which is particularly relevant in this age group as they are undergoing significant physical growth and development. The upper arm is less influenced by factors such as fat distribution, making it a more reliable measure of muscle mass compared to other options.

Body mass index provides a general overview of weight in relation to height but does not differentiate between muscle and fat mass. Waist circumference offers insight into abdominal fat but is not a direct measure of total muscle mass. Skinfold thickness can give an indication of body fat percentage but does not accurately reflect lean body mass or muscle mass alone. Therefore, upper arm circumference is the most appropriate and specific metric for assessing total muscle mass among adolescents.

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Skinfold thickness

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